Windmill.



No. 685,774. Patented Nov. 5, 190i. F. LIESKE.

WINDMILL.

(Application filed m 28, 1901. (No Model.) 2 SheetsSheet I.

Patented Nov. 5, IBM.

I F. LIESKE.

WIN D MILL.

(Application filed May 28, 1901.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

- F NK LIESKE. 729m 1 7 I o I afiorxyzys m: Ncxms rmns w, Puo'rauwa.WhSHING TD-N, n. c.

UNrTEo STATES PATENT @EErcE.

FRANK LIESKE, OF MARQUETTE, MICHIGAN.

WINDMILL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 68 5,774, datedNovember 5, 1901.

Application filed May 28, 1901.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FRANK LIESKE, a citizen of the United States,residing at Marquette, in the county of Marquette and State of Michigan,have invented a new and useful Windmill, of which the following is aspecification.

The invention relates to improvements in windmills. v

The object of the present invention is to improve the construction ofwindmills and to provide a simple and comparatively inexpensive onehavingblades adapted to feather automatically to present their sideedges to the wind when moving in opposition to the same, whereby theresistance will be reduced to a minimum.

A further object of the invention is to provide simple and efficientmeans for checking the rotation of the wind-wheel and for opening theblades to permit the wind to pass through the wheel without rotating thelatter; and another object of the invention is to lock the wind-wheelagainst backward rotation to prevent the same from vibrating when thewindmill is out of operation.

The invention consists in the construction and novel combination andarrangement of parts hereinafter fully described, illustrated in theaccompanying drawings, and pointed out in the claims hereto appended.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of the upper portion ofthe windmill, illustrating the construction of the windwheel. Fig. 2 isa horizontal sectional view of the same. Fig. 3 is a side elevation ofthe windmill. Fig. 4 is a detail horizontal sectional view illustratingthe arrangement of the pawl and ratchet. Fig. 5 is an enlarged detailsectional view illustrating the construction for stopping the windmill.Fig. 6 is a detail view illustrating the manner of connecting thevertical wind-Wheel shaft with a pump. Fig. '7 is a detail view of thebalancewheel. Fig. 8 is a reverse plan view of a portion of thewind-wheel and the movable frame or spider.

Like numerals of reference designate corresponding parts in all thefigures of the drawings.

l designates a horizontal wind-wheel mounted on a vertical shaft 2,journaled in a suitable bearing of the top of a tower 3 and Serial No.62,2 73. (No model.)

stepped at its lower end in a suitable bearing 4. The horizontalwind-wheel, which is fixed to the shaft, is provided with blades 4arranged in series and mounted between upper and lower arms or spokes 5and 6 of the frame of the wheel. The arms or spokes 5 and 6, which arearranged horizontally, extend radially from the vertical wind-wheelshaft and are suitably secured together at that point and are connectedat their outer ends by vertical rods '7. The upper and lower arms orspokes are provided at their inner opposite faces with longitudinal ribsor reinforcing-strips 8 and 9 and have suitable bearings for thereception of the journals 10, which extend vertically from the ends ofthe blades at the inner longitudinal edges thereof. The blades of eachseries are connected near their outer edges by a bar 11, located at thelower ends of the blades and provided at intervals with eyes for thereception of pivots l2,which extend downward from the blades. By thisconstruction the blades are permitted to feather as they come into thewind, and their inward or closing movement is limited by thelongitudinal connecting-bar 11, which engages the adjacent journals andwhich holds the blades in position for causing the same to present theirfiat faces to the wind while they are in a position to be operated on bythe same. The blades may be of any desired size, and they may bearranged in vertical series to increase the capacity of the windmill,and they may be connected in any other suitable manner. \Vhen the bladestravel against the wind, they extend rearward from the arms or spokes,as indicated at the right-hand side of Fig. 2 of the accompanyingdrawings, and they will automatically swing to present their innerlongitudinal edges to the wind until they arrive at a point directly inthe teeth of the wind. As soon as the blades by the rotation of thewindwheel are carried to the left of the center in Fig. 2 they willpresent their flat faces to the wind, which will hold the'blades inalinement with the arms or spokes, and they will continue in thisposition until they arrive at the back of the wind-wheel, and as soon asthey pass beyond the center of the wheel at the back they will openautomatically to avoid offering any material resistance to the rota- IOOtion of the wind-wheel. The lower arms or spokes are provided withextensions 13 and have curved slots 14, receiving extended pivots 15 ofthe adjacent blades. These curved slots, which are disposed transverselyof the lower arms or spokes, permit the blades to swing outward to aposition at right angles to the arms or spokes, as illustrated at theright-hand side of Fig. 2 of the drawings.

The bottom of the frame of the wind-wheel is provided with a dependingtubular extension 16, on which is mounted a rotary spider or frame 17,having radial arms 18, which are pivoted at their outer ends to theinner terminals of the reciprocating bars 19 by pins 20 or othersuitable fastening devices. These reciprocating bars, which are providedat their outer ends with heads 21, are arranged in suitable guides 22and are adapted when reciprocated and moved outward to engage thedepending pivots 15 and open the blades to permit the wind to passthrough the windwheelwithoutrotatingthelatter. Theheads 21 preferablyconsist of laterally-extending arms, which form stops for limiting thebackward or inward movement of the reciprocating bars 19. These bars arenormally retracted or held at the limit of their inward movement by ashort coiled spring 19, secured at one end to one of the radial arms 18and attached at its other end to one of the lower arms or spokes 6 ofthe frame of the windwheel. This spring 19 is adapted to be distended topermit the legs to be opened by the means hereinafter described, and itwill antomatically withdraw the arms.

Located beneath the frame or spider is a spring-controlled arm 23,arranged to be engaged by a depending lug 24, extending downward fromone of the arms of the frame or spider, as clearly shown in Fig. 5 ofthe drawings. The spring-controlled arm is provided atitsinner end witha hub or casing 25,loosely arranged on the tubular extension 16 of theframe of the wind-wheel and receiving a coiled spring 26. The coiledspring 26, which is preferably a barrel-spring, is secured at its innerend to the hub or casing of the springcontrolled arm, and its outer endis connected. with the frame or spider. By this construction andarrangement the spring-controlled arm is yieldingly connected with theframe or spider, and when it is held by the means hereinafter describedto stop the windmill it will permit an independent movement of the frameor spider against the action of the barrel-springnvhich will graduallystop the windwheel. The frame or spider is loosely arranged on the hubof the extension of the frame of the wind-wheel, and it is adapted tovibrate to reciprocate the bars 19, and the spring-controlled arm, whichis also arranged on the hub or extension, is supported by aratchet-wheel 27, secured to the said hub or extension. The guides 22,which receive the reciprocating bars, depend from the lower arms orspokes of the bottom of the windwheel.

of an approximately horizontal lever 28, ful-* crumed between its endsat the top of the tower and provided at one side of the fulcrum with arod or pin 29 and having a wedge. shaped arm 30 at the opposite side ofthe fulcrum. The rod or pin 29, which is guided on the tower, isarranged to project upward into the path of the arm 23 to stop the sameand f cause the continued forward rotation of the wind-wheel to actuatethe reciprocating bars against the action of the coiled spring and Thiswill stop the windopen the blades.

wheel and permit the wind to pass through V A complete 7 of the same topositively stop the wind-wheel" against further rotation. Thebarrel-spring is adapted to gradually check the rotation of thewind-wheel and prevent the partsfrom being injured when the windmill isstopped,

and in practice it will be of sufficient strength to stop a wind-wheelin the highest wind be-, fore the wheel has made a complete revolutionagainst the action of the coiled spring. After the windmill has beenstopped in this manner and is again started the barrel-spring willreturn the arm to its normal position'at the rear face of the dependinglug 24. The wind-wheel is held against backward move ment by the coiledspring or from the wind Q by a spring'actuated pawl 31, arranged toengage the ratchet-wheel 27. The pawl 3l,which is pivoted to the top ofthe tower, is engaged;

by a spring 32, and when the windmill is'in' operation it is held out ofengagementiwith P the ratchet-wheel by the tapering or wedge-' shapedarm 30, which extends upward through the top of the tower, as clearlyillustrated in .7 In

Fig. 5 of the accompanying drawings. When the arm carrying the pinor rod29 is swung, ff

upward to stop the wind-wheel,the tapering or wedge-shaped arm iswithdrawn from engagement with the spring-actuated pawl, and

the latter automatically engages the ratchetwheel, whereby thewind-wheel will be rigidly held by the pin or rod and the pawl andratchet.

nection with a suitable operating-lever 34,.

The horizontal lever 28 is connected; by a wire 33 or other suitableflexible conarranged at the base of the tower and adapted to be readilyoscillated to actuate the lever 28. tion illustrated in Fig. 5 of thedrawingsby a spring 35 when it is free to move, and as The lever 28 isthrown back to the posisoon as it is released by the operating mech-Fanism it will automatically release the wind-"1 wheel and start thewindmill. V

The verticalwind-wheel shaft is connected Q near its lower end bybevel-gearing with a horizontal shaft 36, upon which is mounted acombined balance-wheel and concentric, and this wheel is connected withand adapted to reciprocate the rod of a pump 37; but any other suitabledevice or machine may be operated by the windmill. The wheel 36, whichis weighted at one side, is provided at the opposite side with a seriesof perforations adapted to permit the wrist-pin to be adjusted forvarying the stroke of the pump.

It will be seen that the windmill is simple, strong, and durable, thatthe blades of the wind-wheel feather automatically, and that thewindmill may be readily stopped when started. It will also be apparentthat when the windmill is stopped the wind-wheel will be rigidly heldagainst rotation in either direction and will not strain or injure themechanism of a pump or other device to which the windmill may beconnected.

Instead of employinga spring for Withdrawing the pin 29 from engagementwith the arm 23 any other means may be used, and I desire it to beunderstood that various changes in the form, proportion, size, and theminor details of construction within the scope of the appended claimsmay be resorted to without departing from the spirit or sacrificing anyof the advantages of this invention.

' What I claim is- 1. In a windmill, the combination ofa windwheelframe, the blades arranged in series and hinged to the said frame, barsconnecting the blades, the reciprocating bars arranged to open theblades, a frame or spider provided with arms connected with thereciprocating .bars, and means for operating the frame or spider and forholding the reciprocating bars normally retracted or out of engagementwith the blades, substantially as described.

2. In a windmill, the combination of a wind wheel frame,feathering-blades arranged in series and hinged to the frame, means forconnecting the blades of each series, a series of reciprocating barsmounted on the said frame and arranged to engage the said connectingmeans to open the blades, and means for operating the reciprocating barsand for bold ing the same normally retracted or out of engagement withthe blades, substantially as described.

3. In awindmill, the combination ofa Windwheel frame, blades arranged inseries and hinged to the frame, bars connecting the blades, a series ofreciprocating bars guided on the said frame and arranged to actuate theconnecting-bars of the blades to hold the latter open, and means foroperating the re ciprocating bars and for holding the same normallyretracted or out of engagement with the blades, substantially asdescribed.

4. In a windmill, the combination of a windwheel frame, hinged bladesreciprocating bars arranged to open the blades, a frame or spiderrotating with the wind-wheel frame and capable of movement independentlythereof and provided with arms connected with the reciprocating bars,means for holding the latter normally retracted or out of engagementwith the blades, and a stop arranged to engage the frame or spider,substantially as described.

5. In a Windmill, the combination of a windwheel frame having upper andlower arms or spokes, the blades hinged between the arms or spokes, theconnecting-bars pivoted to the blades, pins dependingfrom theconnectingbars, the reciprocating bars guided on the wind-wheel frameand arranged to engage the pins and adapted to open the blades, a frameor spider connected with the reciprocating bars, a spring for holdingthe reciprocating bars normally retracted, and a stop arranged to engagethe frame or spider, substantially as described.

6. In a windmill, the combination of a windwheel having hinged blades, aframe or spider connected with the wind-wheel and provided with meansfor opening the blades, a stop for engaging the frame or spider to lockthe wind wheel against forward rotation and to open the blades, and apawl and ratchet for holding the wind-wheel against backward movement,substantially as described.

7. In a Windmill, the combination of a windwheel frame having curvedslots, hinged blades, bars connecting the blades and havin g pinsextending through the slots, recipro- I cating bars arranged to engagethe pins, and means for operating the reciprocating bars, substantiallyas described.

8. In a windmill, the combination of a wind- Wheel having hingedblades,a movable frame,- reciprocating bars connected with the frame andarranged to open the blades, a ratchet wheel connected with the windwheel, a spring-actuated pawl arranged to engage the ratchet-wheel, alever 28 fulcrumed between its ends and provided at one of its arms witha pin or rod to stop the movable frame and having a tapering orwedge-shaped device at its other arm for engaging the said pawl, andmeans for operating the lever, substantially as described.

9. In a windmill, the combination of a windwheel having hinged blades,aframe or spider provided with a depending lug, reciprocating barsconnected with the frame or spider and arranged to open the blades, anarm located adjacent to the frame or spider and having a hub or casing,a spring connecting the arm and the frame or spider and housed withinthe said hub or casing, the spring-actuated lever 28 fulcrumed betweenits ends and provided at one end with a pin or rod, arranged to projectinto the path of the said arm, the tapering or wedge-shaped arm arrangedat the other end of the lever 28, a ratchet-wheel carried by thewind-wheel, a spring-actuated pawl for engaging the ratchet-Wheel,saidpawl being arranged to be engaged by the tapering or wedge-shaped arm,and means for operat ing the lever 28, substantially as described.-

IIO

a, 685,774 r i 10. In a windmill, the combination of a a springconnecting the arm and the frame or wind-wheel havingfeathering-blades,a frame spider, and means for holding the arm, suborspider adapted to open the blades, an arm stantially as and for thepurpose described. rotating with the frame or spider, a spring Intestimony that I claim the foregoing as V 3 connecting the arm with theframe or spider, my own I have hereto affixed my signature in 15 and astop for engaging the arm, snbstanthe presence of two Witnesses. V

tially as described. FRANK LIESKE. 11. In a windmill, the combination ofa WVitnesses: Wind-wheelhavingfeathering-blades,a frame E. D. MOSHER,

IO or spider having a lug or projection, an arm, A. FOUBERT.

